This data set is a five-class land cover for Southern Para for the years 1984 (Landsat MSS), 1988 (Landsat TM), 1996, and 2003 (Landsat ETM+). The final classification shows five classes derived using visual comparison (Water, Clouds/Shadow, Forest, Not Forest, Background). These data were used in 2007 to illustrate the nature of deforestation in Southern Para, Brazil over the past twenty years (Simmons et al. 2007). There are four annual GeoTIFF files distributed with this data set. Each GeoTIFF file and accompanying *.tfw file have been compressed into a single *.zip file.
Cite this data set as follows:
Simmons, C.S., M.M. Caldas, E.Y. Arima, and S.P. Aldrich. 2011. LBA-ECO LC-24 Landsat TM and ETM+ Land Cover, Southern Para, Brazil: 1984-2003. Data set. Available on-line [http://daac.ornl.gov] from Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A. doi:10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1055
The LBA Data and Publication Policy [http://daac.ornl.gov/LBA/lba_data_policy.html] is in effect for a period of five (5) years from the date of archiving and should be followed by data users who have obtained LBA data sets from the ORNL DAAC. Users who download LBA data in the five years after data have been archived must contact the investigators who collected the data, per provisions 6 and 7 in the Policy.
This data set was archived in December of 2011. Users who download the data between December 2011 and November 2016 must comply with the LBA Data and Publication Policy.
Data users should use the Investigator contact information in this document to communicate with the data provider. Alternatively, the LBA Web Site [http://lba.inpa.gov.br/lba/] in Brazil will have current contact information.
Data users should use the Data Set Citation and other applicable references provided in this document to acknowledge use of the data.
Project: LBA (Large-Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in the Amazon)
Activity: LBA-ECO
LBA Science Component: Human Dimensions
Team ID: LC-24 (Walker / Reis)
The investigators were Walker, Robert T.; Reis, Eustaquio J; Arima, Eugenio; Bohrer, Claudio Belmonte de Athayde; Caldas, Marcellus Marques; Perz, Stephen G; Pfaff, Alexander; Qi, Jiaguo and Souza Jr., Carlos Moreira de. You may contact Walker, Robert T. (rwalker@msu.edu).
LBA Data Set Inventory ID: LC24_Land_Cover_Southern_Para
This data set is a five-class land cover for Southern Para for the years 1984 (Landsat MSS), 1988 (Landsat TM), 1996, and 2003 (Landsat ETM+). The classification shows five classes using visual comparison (Water, Clouds/Shadow, Forest, Not Forest, Background). These data were used in 2007 to illustrate the nature of deforestation in Southern Para, Brazil over the past twenty years. The data show similar trends on many of the more than 100 official settlement-projects in the region that have been established by the government land-reform agency.
Related Data Sets:
The 1984 Landsat MSS scene was acquired from the University of Maryland's Global Land Cover Facility in a pre-processed form and was co-registered with the more accurate 2003 imagery (using 10 ground-control points collected in the Summer of 2006). Landsat TM and ETM scenes were acquired from TRFIC and Landsat.org and were coregistered to the 2003 imagery. There are four annual GeoTIFF files distributed with this data set. Each GeoTIFF file and accompanying *.tfw file have been compressed into a single *.zip file.
There are four images:
sparalc1984.zip
sparalc1988.zip
sparalc1996.zip
sparalc2003.zip
Spatial Extent:
1984
Westernmost Longitude -49.84348792
Easternmost Longitude -19.84348792
Northernmost Latitude -4.826398266
Southernmost Latitude -34.82639827
1988
Westernmost Longitude -49.9271301
Easternmost Longitude -19.9271301
Northernmost Latitude -4.790768647
Southernmost Latitude -34.79076865
1996
Westernmost Longitude -49.85991435
Easternmost Longitude -19.85991435
Northernmost Latitude -4.870740649
Southernmost Latitude -34.87074065
2003
Westernmost Longitude -49.93847795
Easternmost Longitude
-49.93847795
Northernmost Latitude -4.798870611
Southernmost Latitude
-34.79887061
Site boundaries: (All latitude and longitude given in decimal degrees)
| Site (Region) | Westernmost Longitude | Easternmost Longitude | Northernmost Latitude | Southernmost Latitude | Geodetic Datum |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Southern Para | -49.9385 | -19.84348792 | -4.790768647 | -34.87074065 | South-American Datum, 1969 (SAD-69) |
Time period:
Platform/Sensor/Parameters measured include:
The data have been used to illustrate the nature of deforestation in Southern Para over the past twenty years. Especially of interest is deforestation associated with the establishment of new smallholder agricultural settlements (Simmons et al. 2007).
No formal accuracy assessment has been undertaken with regard to attribution. It is possible, indeed, likely, that there are errors of commission and omission in the resulting classification. Spatial accuracy after georectification of the 1984 scene was good, RMSE less than 0.8.
This data is a k-means classification of rough land-cover for Southern Para for the years 1984 (Landsat MSS), 1988 (Landsat TM), 1996, and 2003 (Landsat ETM+). The classification was developed on 20 classes separated out over a maximum of 500 iterations of the k-means algorithm. The resulting 20 classes were collapsed into five classes using visual comparison (Water, Clouds/Shadow, Forest, Not Forest, Background).
The 1984 Landsat MSS scene was acquired from the University of Maryland's Global Land Cover Facility in a pre-processed form and was co-registered with the more accurate 2003 imagery (using 10 ground-control points collected in the Summer of 2006). Landsat TM and ETM scenes were acquired from TRFIC and Landsat.org and were coregistered to the 2003 imagery.
This data is available through the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC).
Contact for Data Center Access Information:
E-mail: uso@daac.ornl.gov
Telephone: +1 (865) 241-3952
Simmons, C.S, R.T. Walker, M.M. Caldas, E.Y. Arima, and S.P. Aldrich. 2007. Amazon Land Wars in the South of Para. Annals of the Association of American Geographers: 97 (3).