Summary:
CO2 and water vapor fluxes and ecosystem characteristics were measured at 24 sites along a 317-km transect from the Arctic coast to the latitudinal tree line in Alaska during the growing seasons of 1994-1996. The sites were stratified to sample the ranges of climate, physiography, soil moisture, and vegetation type within the region. The study's main objective was to understand what factors control variations in CO2 and water vapor exchange across the region. Investigators developed a spatially extensive approach of documenting fluxes for 1-2 weeks at each of the sites in order to study as many sites as possible during the middle of the short arctic growing season when plant phenology is most comparable among different vegetation types and climatic regions. This design allowed comparison, with some replication, of a given vegetation type across different provinces and climatic zones, as well as multiple vegetation types within a given geographic area.This data set contains eddy-correlation flux measurements of sensible heat, latent heat, CO2, and momentum fluxes, with micrometeorological measurements of air temperature, wind speed and direction, and measurements of total solar and net radiation, and photosynthetic photon flux density.
Measurement site locations and several physical and biophysical characteristics are provided in a companion file Alaska_Kuparuk_sites.dat (http://daac.ornl.gov/daacdata/fluxnet/Arctic_Flux/comp/Alaska_Kuparuk_sites.dat). Descriptions of the site data file format and images of the site locations in the Kuparuk River Basin are provided in a separate companion file Alaska_Kuparuk_sites.pdf (http://daac.ornl.gov/daacdata/fluxnet/Arctic_Flux/comp/Alaska_Kuparuk_sites.pdf).
Data Citation
Cite this data set as follows:Chapin, F. S., III, W. Eugster, and J. P. McFadden. 2002. Arctic Tundra Flux Study in the Kuparuk River Basin (Alaska), 1994-1996. Data set. Available on-line [http://www.daac.ornl.gov] from Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A. doi:10.3334/ORNLDAAC/629.
References:
Chapin, F. S., III, M. Sturm, M. C. Serreze, J. P. McFadden, J. R. Key, A. H. Lloyd, A. D. McGuire, T. S. Rupp, A. H. Lynch, J. P. Schimel, J. Beringer, W. L. Chapman, H. E. Epstein, E. S. Euskirchen, L. D. Hinzman, G. Jia,, C.-L. Ping, K. D. Tape, C. D. C. Thompson, D. A. Walker, and J. M. Welker. 2005. Role of land-surface changes in arctic summer warming. Science 310(5748): 657-660.Eugster, W., J. P. McFadden, and F. S. Chapin, III. 2005. Differences in surface roughness, energy, and CO2 fluxes in two moist tundra vegetation types, Kuparuk watershed, Alaska, U.S.A. Arctic, Alpine, and Antarctic Research, 37(1): 61-67.
McFadden, J. P., W. Eugster, and F. S. Chapin, III. 2003. A regional study of the controls on water vapor and CO2 exchange in arctic tundra. Ecology 84: 2762-2776.
Eugster, W., G. W. Kling, T. Jonas, J. P. McFadden, A. Wuest, S. MacIntyre, and F. S. Chapin, III. 2003. CO2 exchange between air and water in an arctic Alaskan and mid-latitude Swiss lake: Importance of convective mixing. Journal of Geophysical Research 108: 4362.
Eugster, W., W. R. Rouse, R. A. Pielke, Sr., J. P. McFadden, D. D. Baldocchi, T. G. F. Kittel, F. S. Chapin III, G. E. Liston, P. L. Vidale, E. Vaganov, and S. D. Chambers. 2000. Land-atmosphere energy exchange in arctic tundra and boreal forest: available data and feedbacks to climate. Global Change Biology 6 (Suppl. 1): 84-115.
Williams, M., W. Eugster, E. B. Rastetter, J. P. McFadden, and F. S. Chapin III. 2000. The controls on net ecosystem productivity along an arctic transect: a model comparison with flux measurements. Global Change Biology 6 (Suppl. 1): 116-126.
Chapin, F. S., III, W. Eugster, J. P. McFadden, A. H. Lynch, and D. A. Walker. 2000. Summer differences among arctic ecosystems in regional climate forcing. Journal of Climate 13: 2002-2010.
Lynch, A. H., G. B. Bonan, F. S. Chapin, and W. Wu. 1999. Impact of tundra ecosystems on the surface energy budget and climate of Alaska. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres 104: 6647-6660.
Lynch, A. H., F. S. I. Chapin, L. D. Hinzman, W. W, E. Lilly, G. L. Vourlitis, and E. Kim. 1999. Surface energy balance on the arctic tundra: Measurements and models. Journal of Climate 12: 2585-2606.
McFadden, J. P., F. S. Chapin III, and D. Y. Hollinger. 1998. Subgrid-scale variability in the surface energy balance of arctic tundra. Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres 103: 28,947-28,961.
Walker, D. A., N. A. Auerbach, J. G. Bockheim, F. S. Chapin III, W. Eugster, J. Y. King, J. P. McFadden, G. J. Michaelson, F. E. Nelson, W. C. Oechel, C. L. Ping, W. S. Reeburgh, S. Regli, N. I. Shiklomanov, and G. L. Vourlitis. 1998. Energy and trace-gas fluxes across a soil pH boundary in the Arctic. Nature 394: 469-472.
Eugster, W., J. P. McFadden, and F. S. Chapin III. 1997. A comparative approach to regional variation in surface fluxes using mobile eddy correlation towers. Boundary-Layer Meteorology 85: 293-307.