This data set provides (1) delta 15N ratios and nitrogen concentrations for foliar samples and (2) delta 13C and delta 15N ratios as well as carbon and nitrogen concentrations for soil samples collected from cerrado sites within the Ecological Reserve of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistic (IBGE), Brasilia, Brazil. Foliar samples, collected from 320 individuals representing 45 woody tree and shrub species, and soil samples were collected from 5 cerrado locations (2 in campo sujo, 2 in cerrado denso and 1 in cerrado). Soil samples were collected to 450 cm depth in the campo sujo and 800 cm depth elsewhere. Samples were collected during the period December 1999 to September 2000.
Eiten (1972) described campo sujo as an open savanna with scattered trees and shrubs, cerrado sensu stricto as a savanna woodland with abundant evergreen and deciduous trees and shrubs and an herbaceous understory, and cerrado denso as medium to tall woodlands with closed or semiclosed canopies (Bustamante et al., 2004).
There are two comma-delimited data files with this data set.
Cite this data set as follows:
Bustamante, M.C.C., and L.A. Martinelli. 2012. LBA-ECO ND-07 Carbon and Nitrogen in Cerrado Plants and Soils, Brasilia: 1999-2000 . Data set. Available on-line [http://daac.ornl.gov] from Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A. http://dx.doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1121
The LBA Data and Publication Policy [http://daac.ornl.gov/LBA/lba_data_policy.html] is in effect for a period of five (5) years from the date of archiving and should be followed by data users who have obtained LBA data sets from the ORNL DAAC. Users who download LBA data in the five years after data have been archived must contact the investigators who collected the data, per provisions 6 and 7 in the Policy.
This data set was archived in September of 2012. Users who download the data between September 2012 and August 2017 must comply with the LBA Data and Publication Policy.
Data users should use the Investigator contact information in this document to communicate with the data provider. Alternatively, the LBA website [http://lba.inpa.gov.br/lba/] in Brazil will have current contact information.
Data users should use the Data Set Citation and other applicable references provided in this document to acknowledge use of the data.
Project: LBA (Large-Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in the Amazon)
Activity: LBA-ECO
LBA Science Component: Nutrient Dynamics
Team ID: ND-07 (Zepp / Bustamante)
The investigators were Zepp, Richard G.; Bustamante, Mercedes ; Bresolin, Joana Dias; Burke, Roger A.; Carvalho, Arminda Moreira; Cruz, Meyr Pereira; da Rocha, Cristiane Oliveira; Fernandes, Erika Barretto; Ferreira, Joice; Garcia-Montiel, Diana Cecilia; Kisselle, Keith ; Kozovits, Alessandra Rodrigues; Markewitz, Daniel ; Molina, Marirosa ; Parron, Lucilia ; Perez, Katia Sueli Sivek; Pinto, Alexandre de Siqueira; Prado, Cesar Coelho; Rosado, Alexandre Soares; Silva, Dulce Alves da; Silva, Jose Salomao Silva, Maria Regina Sartori da; Sousa, Danielle Matias and Viana, Laura Tillman. You may contact Bustamante, Mercedes (mercedesmcb@gmail.com).
LBA Data Set Inventory ID:ND07_15N_Leaves_Soil
This data set provides (1) delta 15N ratios and nitrogen concentrations for foliar samples and (2) delta 13C and delta 15N ratios as well as carbon and nitrogen concentrations for soil samples collected from cerrado sites within the Ecological Reserve of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistic (IBGE), Brasilia, Brazil. Foliar samples, collected from 320 individuals representing 45 woody tree and shrub species, and soil samples were collected from 5 cerrado locations (2 in campo sujo, 2 in cerrado denso and 1 in cerrado). Soil samples were collected to 450 cm depth in the campo sujo and 800 cm depth elsewhere. Samples were collected during the period December 1999 to September 2000.
Eiten (1972) described campo sujo as an open savanna with scattered trees and shrubs, cerrado sensu stricto as a savanna woodland with abundant evergreen and deciduous trees and shrubs and an herbaceous understory and cerrado denso as medium to tall woodlands with closed or semiclosed canopies (Bustamante et al., 2004).
Related data sets:
The data are available in two comma-delimited ASCII files:
File #1: Foliar_15N_IGBE_cerrado.csv.
File #2: Soil_isotope_ratios_IGBE_cerrado.csv
File 1: Foliar_15N_IGBE_cerrado.csv.
| Column | Heading | Units/format | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Species | Scientific name in the format Genus species | |
| 2 | Family | Scientific family | |
| 3 | Spp_code | Unique numeric code for each species | |
| 4 | Physiognomy | Vegetation type within the general classification of cerrado: cerrado sensu stricto (cerrado), cerrado denso, and campo sujo | |
| 5 | Life_form | Plant life form: tree, shrub, or grass | |
| 6 | delta_15N | per mil | Ratio of 15N to 14N in the foliar sample expressed relative to standard air |
| 7 | N | % | Foliar nitrogen concentration reported in percent of total leaf weight |
Example data records:
|
Species,Family,Spp_code,Physiognomy,Life_form,delta_15N,N Acosmium dasycarpum,Leguminosae,30,cerrado,tree,0.8,3.6 Acosmium dasycarpum,Leguminosae,30,cerrado,tree,0.1,4.6 Acosmium dasycarpum,Leguminosae,30,cerrado,tree,-0.1,2.2 ... Erythroxylum tortuosum,Erythroxylaceae,12,cerrado,tree,0.6,1.7 Guapira graciliflora,Nyctaginaceae,2,cerrado,tree,3.4,3.1 Guapira graciliflora,Nyctaginaceae,2,cerrado,tree,2.7,4.9 ... Vochysia elliptica,Vochysiaceae,38,cerrado denso,tree,-1,0.8 Vochysia elliptica,Vochysiaceae,38,cerrado,tree,-0.4,1 Vochysia elliptica,Vochysiaceae,38,cerrado,tree,-2.8,0.9 |
File #2: Soil_isotope_ratios_IGBE_cerrado.csv
| Column | Heading | Units/format | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sample_no | Sample number: each field sample has a unique number; analytical replicates have the same sample number | |
| 2 | Sample_type | litter or soil | Sample material: in addition to the soil samples, 3 litter samples were collected from the soil surface near each pit |
| 3 | Sample_code | Unique sample identifier for each field sample | |
| 4 | Physiognomy | Vegetation type within the general classification of cerrado: cerrado sensu strictu (cerrado), cerrado denso and campo sujo | |
| 5 | Soil_pit_ID | CS=campo sujo, C, CA, or CB =cerrado, and CD=cerrado denso, followed by the soil pit number and pit wall, A, B, or not applicable | Samples were collected from campo sujo=CS, campo denso=CD, and the cerrado= C, CA, and CD. There was one soil pit in the cerrado and two pits in each of the other two vegetation types. ID's reflect the area, pit number, and pit wall number. For example, CS1A-1 represents campo sujo, soil pit 1, pit wall 1; CD1-1 represents cerrado denso, soil pit 1, pit wall not applicable, therefore no A or B in the ID. |
| 6 | Pit_wall | A or B or not applicable | Samples were collected from two walls in each pit, wall A or wall B. At each depth walls were 150 cm; not applicable if sample was a litter sample collected from the surface. |
| 7 | Analytical_rep | A or B | Samples were randomly replicated for lab analysis and are indicated with an A or B |
| 8 | Sampling_depth | cm | Depth below the soil surface from which the sample was collected reported in cm; not applicable if sample was a litter sample collected from the surface |
| 9 | Wt_sample | mg | Weight in milligrams of the subsample used in the analysis |
| 10 | delta_13C | per mil | Ratio of 13 C to 12 C in the sample relative to an international standard expressed in per mil |
| 11 | C | percent | Concentration of carbon in the sample expressed as percent by weight |
| 12 | delta_15N | per mil | Ratio of 15 C to 14 N in the sample relative to an international standard expressed as per mil |
| 13 | N | percent | Concentration of nitrogen in the sample expressed as percent by weight |
| 14 | C_to_N | g C/g N | Ratio of carbon to nitrogen in the sample on a weight basis reported as grams of carbon per grams of nitrogen (g C/g N) |
| Missing values are represented as -9999 | |||
Example data records:
|
Sample_no,Sample_type,Sample_code,Physiognomy,Soil_pit_ID,Pit_wall,Analytical_rep, Sampling_depth,Wt_sample,delta_13C,C,delta_15N,N,C_to_N 1,Litter,CS1-1,campo sujo,1,not applicable,A, not applicable,1.575,-26.7,44.37,-0.16,0.73,60.68 1,Litter,CS1-1,campo sujo,1,not applicable,B, not applicable,1.517,-26.76,44.77,0.18,0.76,58.75 2,Litter,CS1-2,campo sujo,1,not applicable,-9999, not applicable,1.515,-26.83,49.1,1.2,0.64,76.95 ... 16,Soil,CS1A-1,campo sujo,1,A,A, 0-5cm,15.524,-19.37,4.59,4.02,0.23,19.96 16,Soil,CS1A-1,campo sujo,1,A,B, 0-5cm,15.055,-19.61,4.2,4.02,0.23,18.02 17,Soil,CS1A-2,campo sujo,1,A,-9999, 5-10cm,15.403,-18.49,3.49,5.34,0.19,18.28 |
Site boundaries: (All latitude and longitude given in decimal degrees)
| Site (Region) | Westernmost Longitude | Easternmost Longitude | Northernmost Latitude | Southernmost Latitude | Geodetic Datum |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brasilia - Reserva Ecologica do Roncador IBGE (Brasilia) | -47.85060 | -47.85060 | -15.93280 | -15.93280 | World Geodetic System, 1984 (WGS-84) |
Time period:
Platform/Sensor/Parameters measured include:
15N isotope ratios and the variability in delta 15N values within and across sites may be used as a proxy for interpreting aspects of the N cycles.
Stable isotope ratios of nitrogen were measured relative to international recognized standards. Internal working standards (atropine and soil standard no. 502-308 from LECO Corporation) were included in every run, as regular laboratory procedure. The precision of measurements was plus or minus 0.1 percent and 0.35 per mil for N and delta 15N, respectively.
Site description:
Plant and soil samples were collected in the Ecological Reserve of the Brazilian
Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). This reserve has an area of 1,350 ha
and is located in the Planalto Central Brasileiro, approximately 35 km south of the
city of Brasilia. The IBGE Reserve encompasses the most common vegetation types of
cerrado: campo sujo, cerrado sensu stricto (cerrado), and cerrado denso. Eiten (1972)
described campo sujo as an open savanna with scattered trees and shrubs, cerrado
sensu stricto as a savanna woodland with abundant evergreen and deciduous trees and
shrubs and an herbaceous understory, and cerrado denso as medium to tall woodlands
with closed or semiclosed canopies (Bustamante et al., 2004).
Soils in the cerrado and cerrado denso are classified as Latossolo Vermelho-Escuro in the Brazilian soil classification, which is equivalent to Plinthic Haplustox in the American soil classification. In the campo sujo, the soil type is Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo (Typic Haplustox). Typically, the soils are deep and acidic, with low organic matter and nutrient contents (Bustamante et al., 2004).
The average annual rainfall is 1,500 mm, most of it (>90%) falling in the rainy season, which results in severe water stress during the dry season (May to September).
Leaf samples:
Five fully expanded leaf samples were collected from each of 320 individual plants belonging to 45 species of woody plants including trees and shrubs.
All samples from the cerrado denso and campo sujo and some of the samples from the cerrado were collected during the rainy season (December 1999 to March 2000). Additional samples for seasonal comparisons were collected from the cerrado during the dry season (July to September 2000). Investigators did not record specific dates or the season (rainy or wet) when samples were collected. Leaves were air-dried and ground for isotopic analysis.
Soil samples :
Soil samples were collected from two soil pits located in the campo sujo, two in the cerrado denso, and one soil pit located in the cerrado. Investigators did not record the date of sample collection. At each depth interval,
samples were taken from two walls that were 150 cm apart.
Lab methods:
All foliar samples were oven-dried at 65 degrees C until constant weight and then
ground to a fine powder.
Soil samples were air-dried, sieved using a 2-mm mesh, and homogenized. A smaller sub-sample was taken, handpicked to remove fine roots and other debris, and then pounded. A 1-2 mg sub-sample of ground leaf material or 15-20 mg sub-sample of pounded soil was placed and sealed in a tin capsule and loaded into a ThermoQuest-Finnigan Delta Plus isotope ratio mass spectrometer (Finnigan-MAT; CA, USA) in line with an Elemental Analyzer (Carla Erba model 1110; Milan, Italy) at the Laboratory of Isotope Ecology (CENA-USP, Brazil). From these analyses we obtained the tissue delta 13C and delta 15N ratios, tissue-soil carbon and nitrogen content.
This data is available through the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC).
Contact for Data Center Access Information:
E-mail: uso@daac.ornl.gov
Telephone: +1 (865) 241-3952
Bustamante, M.M.C., L.A. Martinelli, D.A. Silva, P.B. Camargo, C.A. Klink, T.F. Domingues, R.V. Santos. 2004. 15N Natural Abundance in Woody Plants and Soils of Central Brazilian Savannas. Ecological Applications 14: S200-S213.
Eiten, G. 1972. The Cerrado vegetation of Brazil. Botanical Review 38:201-341.