During the 1989 FIFE field campaign, measurements were made of soil moisture release parameters and hydraulic conductivity. Bulk density and soil moisture release data were collected at five FIFE sites representing the major soil types in the FIFE study area. These data were used to model the porosity, saturated water potential, and the b-factor (the exponent of the power curve function) following the method of Clapp and Hormberger (1978). These soil moisture characteristics can be used to describe plant-available water and water movement through soils.
Soil Water Prop. Derived Data (FIFE) .
(Soil Water Properties).
The Soil Water Properties Data Set contains the porosity, saturated water potential, and the b-factor (the exponent of the power curve function) data that were determined from the bulk density and soil moisture release data collected at five FIFE sites representing the major soil types in the area.
During the 1989 FIFE field campaign, measurements were made of soil moisture release data and hydraulic conductivity. These data were then used to determine parameters, which can be used to describe plant available water and water movement through soils.
Porosity and saturated water potential.
Soil moisture characteristics are modeled as a power curve following the method of Clapp and Hormberger (1978). Bulk density and soil moisture release data collected at five FIFE sites representing the major soil types in the area are used to determine the porosity, saturated water potential, and the b-factor (the exponent of the power curve function).
SOIL_WATER_PROP_DERV.
Staff Science.
Staff Science Ancillary Data Acquisition Program.
Contact 1:
Piers Sellers
NASA/Goddard Sp. Fl. Ctr.
Greenbelt, MD.
(301) 286-4173
psellers@gsfcmail
Contact 2:
K. Fred Huemmrich
NASA/Goddard Sp. Fl. Ctr.
Greenbelt, MD.
(301) 286-4862
fred@ltpsun.gsfc.nasa.gov
The Soil Water Properties data set was produced by the FIFE Information System staff using data collected by the FIFE staff science team.
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To derive parameters useful to hydraulic modeling describing the soil water properties of the major soil types at the FIFE study area.
Porosity, saturated water potential, and b-factor.
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The data were extracted from the FIFE Information System.
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The FIFE study area with areal extent of 15 km by 15 km, is located south of the Tuttle Reservoir and Kansas River, and about 10 km from Manhattan, Kansas, USA. The northwest corner of the area has UTM coordinates of 4,334,000 Northing and 705,000 Easting in UTM zone 14.
Five different soil series are represented in this data set.
SITEGRID STATION_ID SOIL_SERIES DEPTHS (CM)
-------- ---------- ----------- ----------
2915-SMR 12 BENFIELD 10, 60
2133-SMR 906 CLIME 10, 30
4439-SMR 916 DWIGHT 10, 30
4168-SMR 925 FLORENCE 10, 35
2655-SMR 936 TULLY 10, 30
The data from these sites can be linked to other FIFE sites by matching the soil series. Information on the soil series are described in the Soil Properties Reference Information Data Set.
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Parameters were derived from point data collected at two soil depths.
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The SQL definition found in this table is the SOILDERV.TDF file located on FIFE CD-ROM Volume 1.
Parameter/Variable Name
Parameter/Variable Description Range Units Source
SITEGRID_ID This is a FIS grid location code. Site grid codes (SSEE-III) give the south (SS) and east (EE) cell number in a 100 x 100 array of 200 m square cells. The last 3 characters (III) are an instrument identifier.
STATION_ID The station ID designating the location of the observations.
SOIL_SERIES The name of the soil series at the site.
DEPTH The depth of the measurements. [cm]
SOIL_POROSITY The average porosity calculated from bulk density measurements (d) were Porosity = 1 - (d/2.65).
SATRTD_WATER_POTNTL The saturated water potential, [bars] calculated from the intercept of log-log plot of water potential vs soil wetness.
B_FACTOR The b-factor calculated from the slope of log-log plot of water potential vs soil wetness.
R_SQUARED The regression coefficient of the log-log plot of water potential vs soil wetness.
FIFE_DATA_CRTFCN_CODE * The FIFE Certification Code for the data, in the following format: CPI (Certified by PI), CPI-??? (CPI - questionable data).
LAST_REVISION_DATE data, in the format (DD-MMM-YY).
Footnote:
Decode the FIFE_DATA_CRTFCN_CODE field as follows:
The primary certification codes are: EXM Example or Test data (not for release). PRE Preliminary (unchecked, use at your own risk). CPI Checked by Principal Investigator (reviewed for quality). CGR Checked by a group and reconciled (data comparisons and cross-checks).
The certification code modifiers are: PRE-NFP Preliminary - Not for publication, at the request of investigator. CPI-MRG PAMS data that are "merged" from two separate receiving stations to eliminate transmission errors. CPI-??? Investigator thinks data item may be questionable.
SITEGRID_ID STATION_ID SOIL_SERIES DEPTH SOIL_POROSITY SATRTD_WATER_POTNTL
----------- ---------- ----------- ----- ------------- -------------------
2133-SMR 906 CLIME 10 .552 .2137
2133-SMR 906 CLIME 30 .461 .2801
2915-SMR 12 BENFIELD 10 .585 .0149
2915-SMR 12 BENFIELD 60 .483 .6895
B_FACTOR R_SQUARED FIFE_DATA_CRTFCN_CODE LAST_REVISION_DATE
-------- --------- --------------------- ------------------
5.744 .855 CPI 21-MAY-92
11.629 .648 CPI 21-MAY-92
6.829 .905 CPI 21-MAY-92
7.354 .387 CPI 21-MAY-92
Parameters were derived from point data collected at two soil depths.
A general description of data granularity as it applies to the IMS appears in the EOSDIS Glossary.
The CD-ROM file format consists of numerical and character fields of varying length separated by commas. The character fields are enclosed with a single apostrophe. There are no spaces between the fields. Each file begins with five header records. Header records contain the following information: Record 1 Name of this file, its table name, number of records in this file, path and name of the document that describes the data in this file, and name of principal investigator for these data. Record 2 Path and filename of the previous data set, and path and filename of the next data set. (Path and filenames for files that contain another set of data taken at the same site on the same day.) Record 3 Path and filename of the previous site, and path and filename of the next site. (Path and filenames for files of the same data set taken on the same day for the previous and next sites (sequentially numbered by SITEGRID_ID)). Record 4 Path and filename of the previous date, and path and filename of the next date. (Path and filenames for files of the same data set taken at the same site for the previous and next date.) Record 5 Column names for the data within the file, delimited by commas. Record 6 Data records begin.
Each field represents one of the attributes listed in the chart in the Data Characteristics Section and described in detail in the TDF file. These fields are in the same order as in the chart.
From the field measurements, parameters useful for modeling soil water properties were determined. Total porosity or the saturated water content (thetas) is calculated from the bulk density (d) using:
The soil moisture release curve can be described as a power curve:
Where psi is the water potential of the sample, W is the soil wetness and is equal to theta/thetas with theta being the volumetric water content, psis is the saturated water potential, and the exponent b is referred to as the b-factor. Both b and psis can be determined from a log-log plot of equation 2.
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Porosity (thetas) was determined from Equation 1 (see the Derivation Techniques and Algorithms Section) using bulk density data from the Soil Hydraulic Conductivity Data Set. Volumetric soil water contents were determined at 1/5, 1/3, 2/3, 1, 3, 5, 10, and 15 bar tensions using a pressure plate apparatus. These data are in the Soil Moisture Release Data Set. The soil wetness was calculated from the soil water content and the porosity. The values for psis and b were determined by a regression to a log-log plot of Equation 2 (see the Derivation Techniques and Algorithms Section). The regression coefficient of the log-log plot of water potential vs. soil wetness was also calculated.
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The data verification performed by the ORNL DAAC deals with the quality of the data format, media, and readability. The ORNL DAAC does not make an assessment of the quality of the data itself except during the course of performing other QA procedures as described below.
The FIFE data were transferred to the ORNL DAAC via CD-ROM. These CD-ROMs are distributed by the ORNL DAAC unmodified as a set or in individual volumes, as requested. In addition, the DAAC has incorporated each of the 98 FIFE tabular datasets from the CD-ROMs into its online data holdings. Incorporation of these data involved the following steps:
Each distinct type of data (i.e. "data set" on the CD-ROM), is accompanied by a documentation file (i.e., .doc file) and a data format/structure definition file (i.e., .tdf file). The data format files on the CD-ROM are Oracle SQL commands (e.g., "create table") that can be used to set up a relational database table structure. This file provides column/variable names, character/numeric type, length, and format, and labels/comments. These SQL commands were converted to SAS code and were used to create SAS data sets and subsequently to input data files directly from the CD-ROM into a SAS dataset. During this process, file names and directory paths were captured and metadata was extracted to the extent possible electronically. No files were found to be corrupted or unreadable during the conversion process.
Additional Quality Assurance procedures were performed as follows:
As errors are discovered in the online tabular data by investigators, users, or DAAC staff, corrections are made in cooperation with the principal investigators. These corrections are then distributed to users. CD-ROM data are corrected when re-mastering occurs for replenishment of CD-ROM stock.
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Soils of the FIFE site are generally silty clay loams. Clapp and Hornberger (1978) provide values of the variables for this soil as:
The values found at the top horizon for FIFE are seen to be in line with these reported values; however, the lower horizon values may differ significantly.
These soil moisture characteristics can be used to describe plant available water and water movement through soils.
The FIFE field campaigns were held in 1987 and 1989 and there are no plans for new data collection. Field work continues near the FIFE site at the Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) Network Konza research site (i.e., LTER continues to monitor the site). The FIFE investigators are continuing to analyze and model the data from the field campaigns to produce new data products.
Software to access the data set is available on the all volumes of the FIFE CD-ROM set. For a detailed description of the available software see the Software Description Document.
ORNL DAAC User Services
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Telephone: (865) 241-3952
FAX: (865) 574-4665
Email: ornldaac@ornl.gov
ORNL Distributed Active Archive Center
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
USA
Telephone: (865) 241-3952
FAX: (865) 574-4665
Email: ornldaac@ornl.gov
Users may place requests by telephone, electronic mail, or FAX. Data is also available via the World Wide Web at http://daac.ornl.gov.
FIFE data are available from the ORNL DAAC. Please contact the ORNL DAAC User Services Office for the most current information about these data.
The Soil Water Properties data are available on FIFE CD-ROM Volume 1. The CD-ROM file name is as follows:
\DATA\SOILPROP\SOIL_H20\1987MULT.SWP
None.
Clapp, R. B. and G. M. Hornberger, Empirical equations for some soil hydraulic properties. Water Resour. Res. 14(4). Pp.601-604, 1978.
Contact the EOS Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, Tennessee (see the Data Center Identification Section). Documentation about using the archive and/or online access to the data at the ORNL DAAC is not available at this revision.
A general glossary for the DAAC is located at Glossary.
A general list of acronyms for the DAAC is available at Acronyms.
May 6, 1994 (citation revised on October 15, 2002).
Warning: This document has not been checked for technical or editorial accuracy by the FIFE Information Scientist. There may be inconsistencies with other documents, technical or editorial errors that were inadvertently introduced when the document was compiled or references to preliminary data that were not included on the final CD-ROM.
Previous versions of this document have been reviewed by the Principal Investigator, the person who transmitted the data to FIS, a FIS staff member, or a FIFE scientist generally familiar with the data.
June 26, 1996.
ORNL-FIFE_SOILDERV.
Sellers, P., and K. F. Huemmrich. 1994. Soil Water Prop[erties]. Derived Data (FIFE). Data set. Available on-line [http://www.daac.ornl.gov] from Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, U.S.A. doi:10.3334/ORNLDAAC/117. Also published in D. E. Strebel, D. R. Landis, K. F. Huemmrich, and B. W. Meeson (eds.), Collected Data of the First ISLSCP Field Experiment, Vol. 1: Surface Observations and Non-Image Data Sets. CD-ROM. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland, U.S.A. (available from http://www.daac.ornl.gov).